{"id":7968,"date":"2025-12-14T17:55:23","date_gmt":"2025-12-14T17:55:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/laplumalibre.info\/?p=7968"},"modified":"2025-12-14T17:55:23","modified_gmt":"2025-12-14T17:55:23","slug":"el-descubrimiento-que-podria-frenar-el-alzheimer-eliminar-una-sola-proteina-mejora-la-memoria-en-ratones","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/laplumalibre.info\/?p=7968","title":{"rendered":"El descubrimiento que podr\u00eda frenar el Alzheimer: eliminar una sola prote\u00edna mejora la memoria en ratones"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div data-id=\"6d45c8b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"entry-article\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-content.default\">\n<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n<p><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1adg3ll r-1x3r274 r-p1pxzi\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1adg3ll r-1x3r274 r-p1pxzi\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">Cient\u00edficos del Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience (MPFI) publicaron un estudio que demuestra que la eliminaci\u00f3n de uan prote\u00edna mejorar el rendimiento cognitivo en un modelo murino de <strong>Alzheimer<\/strong>. El estudio lo publicaron el 10 de diciembre de 2025 en la revista eNeuro y es liderado por <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>la doctora Erzsebet Szatmari.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1adg3ll r-1g7jtus r-1x3r274\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">El trabajo utiliz\u00f3 la l\u00ednea de ratones transg\u00e9nicos <\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-b88u0q r-1x3r274\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">J20<\/span><\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">, que expresan dos mutaciones humanas asociadas a la forma familiar precoz de <strong>Alzheimer<\/strong> (APP Swe e Ind). Estos animales desarrollan placas amiloides a partir de los <\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-b88u0q r-1x3r274\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">5-7 meses<\/span><\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\"> y presentan d\u00e9ficits cognitivos progresivos. <\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1adg3ll r-1x3r274 r-p1pxzi\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">Los investigadores cruzaron ratones J20 con ratones knockout para el gen <\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-b88u0q r-1x3r274\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">PIKE<\/span><\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\"> (centaurina-\u03b11), generando animales que carec\u00edan completamente de esta prote\u00edna desde el desarrollo embrionario. <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><strong><a style=\"color: #3366ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.eldiario.ec\/mundo\/autoridades-confirman-al-menos-22-victimas-mortales-tras-derrumbe-de-dos-edificios-en-marruecos-10122025\/\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1adg3ll r-1x3r274 r-p1pxzi\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">Los resultados se compararon con controles J20 que expresaban centaurina-\u03b11 de forma normal.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1adg3ll r-1g7jtus r-1x3r274\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-b88u0q r-1x3r274\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">Reducci\u00f3n de placas y neuroinflamaci\u00f3n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1adg3ll r-1g7jtus r-1x3r274\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">En el hipocampo de los ratones J20 sin centaurina-\u03b11 se observ\u00f3 una disminuci\u00f3n del <\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-b88u0q r-1x3r274\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">40 %<\/span><\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\"> en la carga de placas amiloides a los <\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-b88u0q r-1x3r274\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">9 meses<\/span><\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\"> de edad. Esto medido mediante inmunotinci\u00f3n con anticuerpos 6E10 y 4G8. Este efecto fue regi\u00f3n-espec\u00edfico: no se detect\u00f3 reducci\u00f3n significativa en el neoc\u00f3rtex. <\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1adg3ll r-1x3r274 r-p1pxzi\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">La activaci\u00f3n de microglia y astrocitos, marcadores de neuroinflamaci\u00f3n, se redujo dr\u00e1sticamente. Los niveles de citoquinas proinflamatorias (TNF-\u03b1, IL-1\u03b2 e IL-6) descendieron hasta valores cercanos a los de ratones salvajes sanos.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1adg3ll r-1g7jtus r-1x3r274\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-b88u0q r-1x3r274\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">Preservaci\u00f3n de sinapsis y mejora cognitiva<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1adg3ll r-1g7jtus r-1x3r274\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">La densidad de espinas dendr\u00edticas en neuronas CA1 del hipocampo, cuantificada mediante tinci\u00f3n de Golgi-Cox, se mantuvo en niveles similares a los controles sanos en los ratones J20 knockout para centaurina-\u03b11. <\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1adg3ll r-1x3r274 r-p1pxzi\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">En la prueba del laberinto acu\u00e1tico de Morris, los animales sin la prote\u00edna mostraron un tiempo de escape significativamente menor. Pero <\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">mayor n\u00famero de cruces por la plataforma en la prueba de memoria espacial a los <\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-b88u0q r-1x3r274\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">10 meses<\/span><\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\"> de edad, en pacientes con <span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1adg3ll r-1g7jtus r-1x3r274\"><strong>Alzheimer.\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1adg3ll r-1g7jtus r-1x3r274\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">El an\u00e1lisis transcript\u00f3mico (RNA-seq) de hipocampo revel\u00f3 que la ausencia de centaurina-\u03b11 normaliz\u00f3 la expresi\u00f3n de <\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-b88u0q r-1x3r274\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">1.847 genes<\/span><\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\"> alterados en los ratones J20. Entre las v\u00edas m\u00e1s afectadas destacan la respuesta inflamatoria innata, el procesamiento de amiloide y la se\u00f1alizaci\u00f3n metab\u00f3lica neuronal. <\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1adg3ll r-1g7jtus r-1x3r274\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">La centaurina-\u03b11 act\u00faa como prote\u00edna adaptadora que regula la actividad de <\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-b88u0q r-1x3r274\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">PI3K\/Akt<\/span><\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\"> y <\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-b88u0q r-1x3r274\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">AMPK<\/span><\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">. Su eliminaci\u00f3n reduce la hiperactivaci\u00f3n de estas v\u00edas, lo que limita la producci\u00f3n de amiloide y la inflamaci\u00f3n mediada por microglia en pacientes con <strong>Alzheimer.\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1adg3ll r-1g7jtus r-1x3r274\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-b88u0q r-1x3r274\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">Declaraciones de los autores<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1adg3ll r-1g7jtus r-1x3r274\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">La doctora Erzsebet Szatmari, primera autora, declar\u00f3: \u201cLa eliminaci\u00f3n de centaurina-\u03b11 previno casi por completo los d\u00e9ficits de memoria espacial y redujo la patolog\u00eda amiloide en hipocampo, lo que la convierte en una diana terap\u00e9utica prometedora\u201d. <\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1adg3ll r-1g7jtus r-1x3r274\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">El doctor Ryohei Yasuda, director cient\u00edfico del MPFI y autor senior, a\u00f1adi\u00f3: \u201cAunque el estudio se realiz\u00f3 eliminando la prote\u00edna desde el desarrollo, futuros experimentos evaluar\u00e1n si su inhibici\u00f3n farmacol\u00f3gica en animales adultos tambi\u00e9n es beneficiosa\u201d.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1adg3ll r-1x3r274 r-p1pxzi\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">El equipo del MPFI ya est\u00e1 probando inhibidores selectivos de centaurina-\u03b11 en ratones adultos con <strong>Alzheimer<\/strong> establecido. Adem\u00e1s, observaciones preliminares indican que la supresi\u00f3n de esta prote\u00edna tambi\u00e9n reduce la desmielinizaci\u00f3n y la inflamaci\u00f3n en modelos de <\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-b88u0q r-1x3r274\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">esclerosis m\u00faltiple<\/span><\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">, sugiriendo un posible papel m\u00e1s amplio en enfermedades neurodegenerativas. <\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1adg3ll r-1x3r274 r-p1pxzi\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">A diciembre de 2025, los \u00fanicos tratamientos aprobados por la FDA para <strong>Alzheimer<\/strong> son los anticuerpos monoclonales anti-amiloide <\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-b88u0q r-1x3r274\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">lecanemab<\/span><\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\"> (Leqembi) y <\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-b88u0q r-1x3r274\"><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\">donanemab<\/span><\/span><span class=\"css-1jxf684 r-bcqeeo r-1ttztb7 r-qvutc0 r-poiln3 r-1x3r274\"> (Kisunla), que reducen moderadamente la progresi\u00f3n cl\u00ednica en fases tempranas. No existe a\u00fan ninguna terapia aprobada que act\u00fae sobre dianas intracelulares como centaurina-\u03b11. (27)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cient\u00edficos del Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience (MPFI) publicaron un estudio que demuestra que la eliminaci\u00f3n de uan prote\u00edna&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7969,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7968","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-internacionales"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/www.eldiario.ec\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/alzheimer.jpg?w=1920&resize=1920,0&ssl=1","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/laplumalibre.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7968","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/laplumalibre.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/laplumalibre.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/laplumalibre.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/laplumalibre.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7968"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/laplumalibre.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7968\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/laplumalibre.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/7969"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/laplumalibre.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7968"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/laplumalibre.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7968"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/laplumalibre.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7968"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}